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Colored chirality of knots

For a given knot diagram $ K$ with a (Fox) $ n$-coloring $ {\mathcal C}$, its mirror $ K^*$ has the $ n$-coloring $ {\mathcal C}^*$ (called the mirror coloring) that is the mirror image of $ {\mathcal C}$. Specifically, let $ {\mathcal A}$ be the set of (over-)arcs of a diagram $ K$, then the mirror image $ K^*$ has the set of arcs $ {\mathcal A}^*$ that is in a natural bijection with $ {\mathcal A}$, such that each arc $ a \in {\mathcal A}$ has its mirror $ a^* \in {\mathcal A}^*$, and vice-versa (for any arc $ \alpha \in {\mathcal A}^*$, there is a unique arc $ a \in {\mathcal A}$ such that $ \alpha=a^*$). Then $ {\mathcal C}^* : {\mathcal A}^* \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}_n$ is defined by $ {\mathcal C}^* (a^*)={\mathcal C} (a)$.

Figure: Is figure-eight amphicheiral with $ 5$-colorings?
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In Fig. [*] a $ 5$-colored figure-eight knot diagram and its mirror with its mirror coloring are depicted. It is, then, natural to ask if an $ n$-colored knot diagram (a pair $ (K, {\mathcal C})$ of a diagram $ K$ and a coloring $ {\mathcal C}$) is equivalent to its mirror with its mirror coloring $ (K^*, {\mathcal C}^*)$. If this is the case, we call the colored diagram $ (K, {\mathcal C})$ amphicheiral (or achiral) with (respect to) the $ n$-coloring $ {\mathcal C}$. Otherwise we say a diagram is chiral with (respect to) the $ n$-coloring.

The answer to the above question is NO, and it is seen from the contributions of the $ 3$-cocycle invariant with the dihedral quandle $ R_5$ are distinct between the left and right of Fig. [*]. Many other achiral knots have colorings with which they become chiral.


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Next: Minimal number of type Up: Applications Previous: Chirality of knots and
Masahico Saito - Quandle Website 2005-09-29